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SYLLABUS
| Purpose: |
Soil is a three-phase system comprised
of solid, liquid and gas phases distributed in a complex geometry
and giving rise to large solid-liquid and liquid-gas interfacial
areas. These interfaces determine, to a significant extent, the
physical and biological properties of soils. The objective of this
course is to familiarize students with the fundamental forces arising
from interfaces and then to use that basis to explore the effects
of interfaces on transport of dissolved substances and gasses, and
on biological processes. The course is organized into four units.
The first unit will introduce students to the theories used to quantify
physical phenomena occurring at interfaces and the properties of
thin films. The second unit introduces concepts of transport through
saturated media and the use of breakthrough curves as diagnostic
tools. The third unit is a transition from saturated media to unsaturated
media and focuses on the effects of interfaces on transport. The
final unit deals with transport through unsaturated media. The course
is designed for graduate students or advanced undergraduate in soil
science, earth sciences, physics, chemistry and engineering who
desire to have a better understanding of the applications of surface
chemistry and reactive transport through porous media. Students
should have a background in chemistry, physics and calculus.
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| Instructors: |
Dr. Lynn Dudley, Ag.
Sci. 356, 797-2184, ldud@mendel.usu.edu
Dr. Dani
Or, Ag. Sci. 140, 797-2637, dani@mendel.usu.edu
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| Office Hours: |
Lynn: MWF 1:30-3:30.
Dani: by appointment. |
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| Text: |
The Physical Chemistry of Surfaces,
(6th ed.), Arthur Adamson
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| Grades: |
Grades will
be based on the results of two examinations given at approximately
six-week intervals. The exams will be equally weighted and each worth
25% of the final grade. Thirty percent of the final grade will be
based on a class project. Students may work individually or in small
groups on a project. Group projects must be cleared with the instructor.
The topic must be cleared with the instructors before spring break.
The projects will be presented in the class during the last two weeks
of the semester. The project should be an application of the course
material to the students' research problem or area of interest or
the instructors will assign a model of reactive transport for the
student to critically analyze and present in class. The project could
be a literature review of a well-define subject, data-set analysis
or a modeling exercise. The topic should be cleared with the instructors
by the first midterm. The homework will not be graded, but is given
as a study guide for the exams. The lecture immediately preceding
each exam will review solutions to the problem sets. Additional readings
may be assigned during the semester and 20% of the final grade will
be determined by WebCT administered quizzes on the reading material. |
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| Reading list: |
Specific
readings from the text, literature or supplemental material will
be given at the beginning of each week. The following list of topics
gives the general organization of the course.
Weeks 1 through
6 - Fundamental Aspects of Interfaces
Characterization and Thermodynamics of Interfaces; Disjoining Pressure
and Thin Films; Long Range Forces (van der Waals, Lifshitz Theory,
Hamaker Constant); Liquid-Gas interfaces: Surface Tension, Capillarity,
Contact Angle (wetability); Electrified Interfaces; Introduction
to Clay Surfaces; Other Surfaces with Constant and Variable Charge;
Introduction to Adsorption Processes: Adsorption at the Solid-Gas
Interface; Adsorption from Solution at the Solid-liquid Interface.
Weeks 7 through
9 - Transport through Saturated Porous Media
Issues of Scale; Units and Dimensions; Modes of Transport - Diffusion,
Convection, Dispersion; The Convection Dispersion Equation (CDE);
Transport at the Column and Profile Scale; Break-Through Curves
(BTC) as Diagnostic Tools; Simple Analytical Solutions; Transport
in Saturated Heterogeneous Systems. Nonaqueous phase entrapment.
Weeks 10
through 11 - Transport Processes and Interfaces
Retardation Coefficient, Ion Exchange, Competitive Adsorption, Biological
Activity
Weeks 12 through 14 - Transport in Unsaturated Media
Interfacial Configurations in Porous Media (simple geometry); Opportunity
Time - Assumption of Local Equilibrium; Boundary Layer; Student
Critique of Multi-domain models: 2-site/2-region, multiple reaction,
physical and chemical non-equilibrium.
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| Statement
of reasonable accommodation: |
If a student
has a disability that will likely require some accommodation by the
instructor, the student must contact the instructor and document the
disability through the Disability Resource Center. In cooperation
with the Disability Resource Center, course material may be provided
in alternative formats--large print, audio, diskette or Braille upon
request. |
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